Nigeria’s population is expected to surpass that of China by 2100, a new study suggests.
China, which is currently the most populous nation in the world, is expected to peak at 1.4 billion in four years time before nearly halving to 732 million by 2100 while India will become the world’s most populous nuation.
The study predicts that within the same period, Nigeria’s population will hit 791 million, making it the second-largest country in the world.
The research which was conducted by the University of Washington’s Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation states that the general population of the world will drop due to a reduction in fertility rates.
However, the population of sub-Saharan Africa arguably the poorest region in the world is expected to triple in size to more than three billion people by 2100.
In an interview with BBC, researcher, Prof. Christopher Murray, said the population boom in sub-Saharan Africa would lead to migration of Africans to many European and Asian countries in need of higher population.
This, he said, would, however, lead to a high incidence of racism.
Murray, who is a former Director of the Harvard Centre for Population and Development Studies, said, “We will have many more people of African descent in many more countries as we go through this.
“Global recognition of the challenges around racism are going to be all the more critical if there are large numbers of people of African descent in many countries.”
According to the research, falling fertility rates mean nearly every country could have shrinking populations by the end of the century.
The number of children under the age of five will fall from 681 million in 2017 to 401 million in 2100. Conversely, the number of over 80-year-olds will soar from 141 million in 2017 to 866 million within the same period.
About 23 nations including Spain and Japan are expected to see their populations halve by 2100.
This also implies that countries would age dramatically, with as many people turning 80 as there are being born.
The fertility rate is dropping because women are getting better education and spending more time working coupled with greater access to contraceptives.
If the number falls below approximately 2.1, then the size of the population starts to fall.
In 1950, women were having an average of 4.7 children in their lifetime.
The research showed that the global fertility rate nearly halved to 2.4 in 2017 and their study, published in the Lancet, projects it will fall below 1.7 by 2100.
As a result, the researchers expect the number of people on the planet to peak at 9.7 billion around 2064, before falling down to 8.8 billion by the end of the century.
Japan’s population is projected to fall from a peak of 128 million in 2017 to less than 53 million by the end of the century. Similarly, Italy is expected to see an equally dramatic population crash from 61 million to 28 million over the same timeframe.
About 21 other countries including Spain, Portugal, Thailand and South Korea are expected to see their population drop by half.
The population of the United Kingdom is predicted to peak at 75 million in 2063, and fall to 71 million by 2100.
